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#afr#1#Afrikaans Uncontracted#za#Afrikaans onverkort # liblouis: Afrikaans Braille Code (Grade 1) # # ------------ #-name: Afrikaans onverkort #-index-name: Afrikaans, uncontracted #-display-name: Afrikaans uncontracted braille # #+locale:af #+type:literary #+contraction:no #+grade:1 #+system:ubc-af # # "UBC" stands for "Unified Braille Code" and is a generalization of UEB. # See https://sabrailleauthority.org.za/unified-braille-code-ubc. # ------------ # # Afrikaans is one of the 11 official languages in South Africa and is # among the top 3 most widely spoken local languages. It is a language # closely related to Dutch and uses the same alphabet, but in addition # it makes frequent use of the following diacritic marks on vowels: # acute and grave accent, circumflex and umlaut. # # The first braille system for Afrikaans was developed in about # 1935. After the adoption of the UEB in 2004 in Toronto, Canada, we # also unified the Afrikaans braille code according to the principles # of the UEB. The grade 1 code is identical to grade 1 UEB. Grade 2 # has 183 contractions. Each letter of the alphabet except the letter # u (which is a word on its own) represents a contraction in grade # 2. As with UEB, we eliminated the contractions which could cause # ambiguity. In one respect Afrikaans braille is simpler than UEB, but # in another respect it is more complex: It is simpler in that it does # not have the complexity around shortforms found in UEB grade 2. It # is more complex because of linguistic reasons. In Afrikaans compound # words are frequently created on the fly and this can cause # contraction issues at word boundaries. # # We do not use additional codes such as Nemeth or computer braille # codes; we use our unified Afrikaans code also for technical # material. # # Copyright (C) 2014, 2019 Greg Kearney <gkearney@gmail.com> # Copyright (C) 2019 South African Braille Authority <http://www.sabrailleauthority.org.za> # # This file is part of liblouis. # # liblouis is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as # published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of # the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # liblouis is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Lesser General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public # License along with liblouis. If not, see # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. include en-ueb-g1.ctb # These are the old definitions of the accented letters that differ # from UEB. They are defined in World Braille Usage 2013 # <http://liblouis.org/braille-specs/world-braille-usage-third-edition.pdf>. They # are commented out now that UEB has been adopted. #sign \x0302 45 COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT #sign \x0308 56 COMBINING DIAERESIS #sign \x0301 4 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT #uplow Áá 4-1 #uplow Àà 45-16-1 #uplow Ââ 45-1 #uplow Ää 56-1 #uplow Éé 4-15 #uplow Èè 45-16-15 #uplow Êê 45-15 #uplow Ëë 56-15 #uplow Íí 4-24 #uplow Ïï 56-24 #uplow Îî 45-24 #uplow Óó 4-135 #uplow Ôô 45-135 #uplow Öö 56-135 #uplow Úú 4-136 #uplow Ûû 45-136 #uplow Üü 56-136 #uplow Ýý 4-13456
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