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# Orca # # Copyright 2004-2009 Sun Microsystems Inc. # Copyright 2010-2011 The Orca Team # Copyright 2012 Igalia, S.L. # # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Lesser General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public # License along with this library; if not, write to the # Free Software Foundation, Inc., Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, # Boston MA 02110-1301 USA. """The main module for the Orca screen reader.""" __id__ = "$Id$" __version__ = "$Revision$" __date__ = "$Date$" __copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2004-2009 Sun Microsystems Inc." \ "Copyright (c) 2010-2011 The Orca Team" \ "Copyright (c) 2012 Igalia, S.L." __license__ = "LGPL" import faulthandler import gi import importlib import os import pyatspi import re import signal import subprocess import sys try: from gi.repository.Gio import Settings a11yAppSettings = Settings(schema_id='org.gnome.desktop.a11y.applications') except: a11yAppSettings = None try: # This can fail due to gtk not being available. We want to # be able to recover from that if possible. The main driver # for this is to allow "orca --text-setup" to work even if # the desktop is not running. # gi.require_version("Gtk", "3.0") from gi.repository import Gtk gi.require_version("Gdk", "3.0") from gi.repository import Gdk # Note: This last import is here due to bgo #673396. # See bgo#673397 for the rest of the story. gi.require_version("GdkX11", "3.0") from gi.repository.GdkX11 import X11Screen except: pass from . import braille from . import debug from . import event_manager from . import keybindings from . import logger from . import messages from . import mouse_review from . import notification_messages from . import orca_state from . import orca_platform from . import script_manager from . import settings from . import settings_manager from . import speech from . import sound from .input_event import BrailleEvent _eventManager = event_manager.getManager() _scriptManager = script_manager.getManager() _settingsManager = settings_manager.getManager() _logger = logger.getLogger() def onEnabledChanged(gsetting, key): try: enabled = gsetting.get_boolean(key) except: return if key == 'screen-reader-enabled' and not enabled: shutdown() def getSettingsManager(): return _settingsManager def getLogger(): return _logger EXIT_CODE_HANG = 50 # The user-settings module (see loadUserSettings). # _userSettings = None # A subset of the original Xmodmap info prior to our stomping on it. # Right now, this is just for the user's chosen Orca modifier(s). # _originalXmodmap = "" _orcaModifiers = settings.DESKTOP_MODIFIER_KEYS + settings.LAPTOP_MODIFIER_KEYS _capsLockCleared = False _restoreOrcaKeys = False ######################################################################## # # # METHODS TO HANDLE APPLICATION LIST AND FOCUSED OBJECTS # # # ######################################################################## def setLocusOfFocus(event, obj, notifyScript=True, force=False): """Sets the locus of focus (i.e., the object with visual focus) and notifies the script of the change should the script wish to present the change to the user. Arguments: - event: if not None, the Event that caused this to happen - obj: the Accessible with the new locus of focus. - notifyScript: if True, propagate this event - force: if True, don't worry if this is the same object as the current locusOfFocus """ if not force and obj == orca_state.locusOfFocus: msg = "ORCA: Setting locusOfFocus to existing locusOfFocus" debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) return if event and (orca_state.activeScript and not orca_state.activeScript.app): script = _scriptManager.getScript(event.host_application, event.source) _scriptManager.setActiveScript(script, "Setting locusOfFocus") oldFocus = orca_state.locusOfFocus try: oldFocus.getRole() except: msg = "ORCA: Old locusOfFocus is null or defunct" debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) oldFocus = None if not obj: msg = "ORCA: New locusOfFocus is null (being cleared)" debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) orca_state.locusOfFocus = None return if orca_state.activeScript: msg = "ORCA: Active script is: %s" % orca_state.activeScript debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) if orca_state.activeScript.utilities.isZombie(obj): msg = "ERROR: New locusOfFocus (%s) is zombie. Not updating." % obj debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) return if orca_state.activeScript.utilities.isDead(obj): msg = "ERROR: New locusOfFocus (%s) is dead. Not updating." % obj debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) return msg = "ORCA: Changing locusOfFocus from %s to %s" % (oldFocus, obj) debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) orca_state.locusOfFocus = obj if not notifyScript: return if not orca_state.activeScript: msg = "ORCA: Cannot notify active script because there isn't one" debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) return orca_state.activeScript.locusOfFocusChanged(event, oldFocus, orca_state.locusOfFocus) ######################################################################## # # # METHODS FOR PRE-PROCESSING AND MASSAGING BRAILLE EVENTS. # # # ######################################################################## def _processBrailleEvent(event): """Called whenever a key is pressed on the Braille display. Arguments: - command: the BrlAPI event for the key that was pressed. Returns True if the event was consumed; otherwise False """ consumed = False # Braille key presses always interrupt speech. # event = BrailleEvent(event) if event.event['command'] not in braille.dontInteruptSpeechKeys: speech.stop() orca_state.lastInputEvent = event try: consumed = _eventManager.processBrailleEvent(event) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) if (not consumed) and orca_state.learnModeEnabled: consumed = True return consumed ######################################################################## # # # METHODS FOR HANDLING INITIALIZATION, SHUTDOWN, AND USE. # # # ######################################################################## def deviceChangeHandler(deviceManager, device): """New keyboards being plugged in stomp on our changes to the keymappings, so we have to re-apply""" source = device.get_source() if source == Gdk.InputSource.KEYBOARD: msg = "ORCA: Keyboard change detected, re-creating the xmodmap" debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) _createOrcaXmodmap() def updateKeyMap(keyboardEvent): """Unsupported convenience method to call sad hacks which should go away.""" global _restoreOrcaKeys if keyboardEvent.isPressedKey(): return if keyboardEvent.event_string in settings.orcaModifierKeys \ and orca_state.bypassNextCommand: _restoreXmodmap() _restoreOrcaKeys = True return if _restoreOrcaKeys and not orca_state.bypassNextCommand: _createOrcaXmodmap() _restoreOrcaKeys = False def _setXmodmap(xkbmap): """Set the keyboard map using xkbcomp.""" p = subprocess.Popen(['xkbcomp', '-w0', '-', os.environ['DISPLAY']], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=None, stderr=None) p.communicate(xkbmap) def _setCapsLockAsOrcaModifier(enable): """Enable or disable use of the caps lock key as an Orca modifier key.""" interpretCapsLineProg = re.compile( r'^\sinterpret\s+Caps[_+]Lock[_+]AnyOfOrNone\s$all$\s{\s$', re.I) normalCapsLineProg = re.compile( r'^\saction\s=\sLockMods\s$\smodifiers\s=\sLock\s$\s;\s$', re.I) interpretShiftLineProg = re.compile( r'^\sinterpret\s+Shift[_+]Lock[_+]AnyOf\s$\sShift\s\+\sLock\s$\s{\s$', re.I) normalShiftLineProg = re.compile( r'^\saction\s=\sLockMods\s$\smodifiers\s=\sShift\s$\s;\s$', re.I) disabledModLineProg = re.compile( r'^\saction\s=\sNoAction\s$\s$\s;\s*$', re.I) normalCapsLine = ' action= LockMods(modifiers=Lock);' normalShiftLine = ' action= LockMods(modifiers=Shift);' disabledModLine = ' action= NoAction();' lines = _originalXmodmap.decode('UTF-8').split('\n') foundCapsInterpretSection = False foundShiftInterpretSection = False modified = False for i, line in enumerate(lines): if not foundCapsInterpretSection and not foundShiftInterpretSection: if interpretCapsLineProg.match(line): foundCapsInterpretSection = True elif interpretShiftLineProg.match(line): foundShiftInterpretSection = True elif foundCapsInterpretSection: if enable: if normalCapsLineProg.match(line): lines[i] = disabledModLine modified = True else: if disabledModLineProg.match(line): lines[i] = normalCapsLine modified = True if line.find('}'): foundCapsInterpretSection = False else: # foundShiftInterpretSection if enable: if normalShiftLineProg.match(line): lines[i] = disabledModLine modified = True else: if disabledModLineProg.match(line): lines[i] = normalShiftLine modified = True if line.find('}'): foundShiftInterpretSection = False if modified: _setXmodmap(bytes('\n'.join(lines), 'UTF-8')) def _createOrcaXmodmap(): """Makes an Orca-specific Xmodmap so that the keys behave as we need them to do. This is especially the case for the Orca modifier. """ global _capsLockCleared cmd = [] if "Caps_Lock" in settings.orcaModifierKeys \ or "Shift_Lock" in settings.orcaModifierKeys: _setCapsLockAsOrcaModifier(True) _capsLockCleared = True elif _capsLockCleared: _setCapsLockAsOrcaModifier(False) _capsLockCleared = False def _storeXmodmap(keyList): """Save the original xmodmap for the keys in keyList before we alter it. Arguments: - keyList: A list of named keys to look for. """ global _originalXmodmap _originalXmodmap = subprocess.check_output(['xkbcomp', os.environ['DISPLAY'], '-']) def _restoreXmodmap(keyList=[]): """Restore the original xmodmap values for the keys in keyList. Arguments: - keyList: A list of named keys to look for. An empty list means to restore the entire saved xmodmap. """ global _capsLockCleared _capsLockCleared = False p = subprocess.Popen(['xkbcomp', '-w0', '-', os.environ['DISPLAY']], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=None, stderr=None) p.communicate(_originalXmodmap) def loadUserSettings(script=None, inputEvent=None, skipReloadMessage=False): """Loads (and reloads) the user settings module, reinitializing things such as speech if necessary. Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Loading User Settings', True) global _userSettings # Shutdown the output drivers and give them a chance to die. player = sound.getPlayer() player.shutdown() speech.shutdown() braille.shutdown() _scriptManager.deactivate() reloaded = False if _userSettings: _profile = _settingsManager.getSetting('activeProfile')[1] try: _userSettings = _settingsManager.getGeneralSettings(_profile) _settingsManager.setProfile(_profile) reloaded = True except ImportError: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_INFO) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) else: _profile = _settingsManager.profile try: _userSettings = _settingsManager.getGeneralSettings(_profile) except ImportError: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_INFO) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) if not script: script = _scriptManager.getDefaultScript() _settingsManager.loadAppSettings(script) if _settingsManager.getSetting('enableSpeech'): try: speech.init() if reloaded and not skipReloadMessage: script.speakMessage(messages.SETTINGS_RELOADED) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) else: msg = 'ORCA: Speech is not enabled in settings' debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) if _settingsManager.getSetting('enableBraille'): try: braille.init(_processBrailleEvent, settings.tty) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_WARNING) msg = 'ORCA: Could not initialize connection to braille.' debug.println(debug.LEVEL_WARNING, msg, True) if _settingsManager.getSetting('enableMouseReview'): mouse_review.reviewer.activate() else: mouse_review.reviewer.deactivate() if _settingsManager.getSetting('enableSound'): player.init() global _orcaModifiers custom = [k for k in settings.orcaModifierKeys if k not in _orcaModifiers] _orcaModifiers += custom # Handle the case where a change was made in the Orca Preferences dialog. # if _originalXmodmap: _restoreXmodmap(_orcaModifiers) _storeXmodmap(_orcaModifiers) _createOrcaXmodmap() _scriptManager.activate() _eventManager.activate() debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: User Settings Loaded', True) return True def _showPreferencesUI(script, prefs): if orca_state.orcaOS: orca_state.orcaOS.showGUI() return try: module = importlib.import_module('.orca_gui_prefs', 'orca') except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) return uiFile = os.path.join(orca_platform.datadir, orca_platform.package, "ui", "orca-setup.ui") orca_state.orcaOS = module.OrcaSetupGUI(uiFile, "orcaSetupWindow", prefs) orca_state.orcaOS.init(script) orca_state.orcaOS.showGUI() def showAppPreferencesGUI(script=None, inputEvent=None): """Displays the user interface to configure the settings for a specific applications within Orca and set up those app-specific user preferences using a GUI. Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ prefs = {} for key in settings.userCustomizableSettings: prefs[key] = _settingsManager.getSetting(key) script = script or orca_state.activeScript _showPreferencesUI(script, prefs) return True def showPreferencesGUI(script=None, inputEvent=None): """Displays the user interface to configure Orca and set up user preferences using a GUI. Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ prefs = _settingsManager.getGeneralSettings(_settingsManager.profile) script = _scriptManager.getDefaultScript() _showPreferencesUI(script, prefs) return True def helpForOrca(script=None, inputEvent=None, page=""): """Show Orca Help window (part of the GNOME Access Guide). Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ orca_state.learnModeEnabled = False uri = "help:orca" if page: uri += "?%s" % page Gtk.show_uri(Gdk.Screen.get_default(), uri, Gtk.get_current_event_time()) return True def quitOrca(script=None, inputEvent=None): """Quit Orca. Check if the user wants to confirm this action. If so, show the confirmation GUI otherwise just shutdown. Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ shutdown() return True def showFindGUI(script=None, inputEvent=None): """Displays the user interface to perform an Orca Find. Returns True to indicate the input event has been consumed. """ try: module = importlib.import_module('.orca_gui_find', 'orca') module.showFindUI() except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) # If True, this module has been initialized. # _initialized = False def init(registry): """Initialize the orca module, which initializes the speech and braille modules. Also builds up the application list, registers for AT-SPI events, and creates scripts for all known applications. Returns True if the initialization procedure has run, or False if this module has already been initialized. """ debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Initializing', True) global _initialized if _initialized and _settingsManager.isScreenReaderServiceEnabled(): return False # Do not hang on initialization if we can help it. # if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, settings.timeoutCallback) signal.alarm(settings.timeoutTime) loadUserSettings() if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.alarm(0) _initialized = True # In theory, we can do this through dbus. In practice, it fails to # work sometimes. Until we know why, we need to leave this as-is # so that we respond when gnome-control-center is used to stop Orca. if a11yAppSettings: a11yAppSettings.connect('changed', onEnabledChanged) debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Initialized', True) return True def start(registry, cacheValues): """Starts Orca. """ debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Starting', True) if not _initialized: init(registry) # Do not hang on startup if we can help it. # if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, settings.timeoutCallback) signal.alarm(settings.timeoutTime) if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.alarm(0) if cacheValues: pyatspi.setCacheLevel(pyatspi.CACHE_PROPERTIES) # Event handlers for input devices being plugged in/unplugged. # Used to re-create the Xmodmap when a new keyboard is plugged in. # Necessary, because plugging in a new keyboard resets the Xmodmap # and stomps our changes display = Gdk.Display.get_default() devmanager=display.get_device_manager() devmanager.connect("device-added", deviceChangeHandler) devmanager.connect("device-removed", deviceChangeHandler) Gdk.notify_startup_complete() msg = 'ORCA: Startup complete notification made' debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Starting registry', True) registry.start(gil=False) def die(exitCode=1): pid = os.getpid() if exitCode == EXIT_CODE_HANG: # Someting is hung and we wish to abort. os.kill(pid, signal.SIGKILL) return shutdown() sys.exit(exitCode) if exitCode > 1: os.kill(pid, signal.SIGTERM) def timeout(signum=None, frame=None): msg = 'TIMEOUT: something has hung. Aborting.' debug.println(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE, msg, True) debug.printStack(debug.LEVEL_ALL) debug.examineProcesses() die(EXIT_CODE_HANG) def shutdown(script=None, inputEvent=None): """Exits Orca. Unregisters any event listeners and cleans up. Returns True if the shutdown procedure ran or False if this module was never initialized. """ debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Shutting down', True) global _initialized if not _initialized: return False # Try to say goodbye, but be defensive if something has hung. # if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, settings.timeoutCallback) signal.alarm(settings.timeoutTime) orca_state.activeScript.presentMessage(messages.STOP_ORCA) _scriptManager.deactivate() _eventManager.deactivate() # Shutdown all the other support. # if settings.enableSpeech: speech.shutdown() if settings.enableBraille: braille.shutdown() if settings.enableSound: player = sound.getPlayer() player.shutdown() if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.alarm(0) _initialized = False _restoreXmodmap(_orcaModifiers) debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Stopping registry', True) pyatspi.Registry.stop() debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, 'ORCA: Shutdown complete', True) return True exitCount = 0 def shutdownOnSignal(signum, frame): global exitCount msg = 'ORCA: Shutting down and exiting due to signal=%d' % signum debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) # Well...we'll try to exit nicely, but if we keep getting called, # something bad is happening, so just quit. # if exitCount: die(signum) else: exitCount += 1 # Try to do a graceful shutdown if we can. # if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, settings.timeoutCallback) signal.alarm(settings.timeoutTime) try: if _initialized: shutdown() else: # We always want to try to shutdown speech since the # speech servers are very persistent about living. # speech.shutdown() shutdown() cleanExit = True except: cleanExit = False if settings.timeoutCallback and (settings.timeoutTime > 0): signal.alarm(0) if not cleanExit: die(EXIT_CODE_HANG) def crashOnSignal(signum, frame): signal.signal(signum, signal.SIG_DFL) _restoreXmodmap(_orcaModifiers) os.kill(os.getpid(), signum) def main(cacheValues=True): """The main entry point for Orca. The exit codes for Orca will loosely be based on signals, where the exit code will be the signal used to terminate Orca (if a signal was used). Otherwise, an exit code of 0 means normal completion and an exit code of 50 means Orca exited because of a hang.""" if debug.debugFile and os.path.exists(debug.debugFile.name): faulthandler.enable(file=debug.debugFile, all_threads=False) else: faulthandler.enable(all_threads=False) # Method to call when we think something might be hung. # settings.timeoutCallback = timeout # Various signal handlers we want to listen for. # signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, shutdownOnSignal) signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, shutdownOnSignal) signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, shutdownOnSignal) signal.signal(signal.SIGQUIT, shutdownOnSignal) signal.signal(signal.SIGSEGV, crashOnSignal) if not _settingsManager.isAccessibilityEnabled(): _settingsManager.setAccessibility(True) init(pyatspi.Registry) try: message = messages.START_ORCA script = _scriptManager.getDefaultScript() script.presentMessage(message) except: debug.printException(debug.LEVEL_SEVERE) script = orca_state.activeScript if script: window = script.utilities.activeWindow() if window and not orca_state.locusOfFocus: try: app = window.getApplication() except: msg = "ORCA: Exception getting app for %s" % window debug.println(debug.LEVEL_INFO, msg, True) else: script = _scriptManager.getScript(app, window) _scriptManager.setActiveScript(script, "Launching.") setLocusOfFocus(None, window) focusedObject = script.utilities.focusedObject(window) if focusedObject: setLocusOfFocus(None, focusedObject) script = _scriptManager.getScript(focusedObject.getApplication(), focusedObject) _scriptManager.setActiveScript(script, "Found focused object.") try: start(pyatspi.Registry, cacheValues) # waits until we stop the registry except: die(EXIT_CODE_HANG) return 0 if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())

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